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Next: 12.2 GRUB Up: 12.1 Bootvorgang und Starten Previous: 12.1.2 Linux startet
12.1.3 dmesg
Der Befehl dmesg gibt letzten Meldungen des Kernels aus. In den meisten Fällen wird er dazu benutzt um sie die Bootmeldungen nach dem Starten des Systems noch einmal in Ruhe anzuschauen.
dmesg [OPTIONEN]
Hier noch ein Beispiel für die vom Kernel gelieferten Meldungen über den Startvorgang.
root@defiant:/ > dmesg Linux version 2.2.14 (root@defiant) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024) #2 Wed Jul 26 20:49:06 MEST 2000 Detected 365818579 Hz processor. Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 Calibrating delay loop... 730.73 BogoMIPS Memory: 62800k/65472k available (1280k kernel code, 412k reserved, 936k data, 44k init, 0k bigmem) Dentry hash table entries: 8192 (order 4, 64k) Buffer cache hash table entries: 65536 (order 6, 256k) Page cache hash table entries: 16384 (order 4, 64k) CPU: Intel Celeron (Mendocino) stepping 0a Checking 386/387 coupling... OK, FPU using exception 16 error reporting. Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK. POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xf0200 PCI: Using configuration type 1 PCI: Probing PCI hardware Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.2 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0 for Linux NET4.0. NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP, IGMP TCP: Hash tables configured (ehash 65536 bhash 65536) Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd v 1.5 Detected PS/2 Mouse Port. pty: 256 Unix98 ptys configured apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x0f (Driver version 1.12) Real Time Clock Driver v1.09 loop: registered device at major 7 Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 6.30 ide: Assuming 40MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx ALI15X3: IDE controller on PCI bus 00 dev 78 ALI15X3: not 100% native mode: will probe irqs later ALI15X3: simplex device: DMA disabled ide0: ALI15X3 Bus-Master DMA disabled (BIOS) ALI15X3: simplex device: DMA disabled ide1: ALI15X3 Bus-Master DMA disabled (BIOS) hda: IBM-DBCA-204860, ATA DISK drive hdc: CD-224E, ATAPI CDROM drive ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14 ide1 at 0x170-0x177,0x376 on irq 15 hda: IBM-DBCA-204860, 4645MB w/420kB Cache, CHS=592/255/63 hdc: ATAPI 24X CD-ROM drive, 128kB Cache Uniform CDROM driver Revision: 2.56 Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M FDC 0 is a National Semiconductor PC87306 scsi0 : SCSI host adapter emulation for IDE ATAPI devices scsi : 1 host. scsi : detected total. Partition check: hda: hda1 hda2 < hda5 > hda3 hda4 VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 44k freed Adding Swap: 128516k swap-space (priority -1) Serial driver version 4.27 with HUB-6 MANY_PORTS MULTIPORT SHARE_IRQ enabled ttyS00 at 0x03f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A